Yapahuwa rock fortress | Sri Lanka

Yapahuwa is an ancient rock fortress located in the North Western Province of Sri Lanka, approximately 150 kilometers northeast of Colombo. It was once the capital of Sri Lanka in the 13th century during the reign of King Buvanekabahu I (1272–1284). The fortress, perched on a 90-meter-high rock, is considered a significant historical and architectural site in Sri Lanka. It also considered to be constructed following a similar plan to Sigiriya rock fortress.

Here are some key features of Yapahuwa:

1. Historical Significance:

• Yapahuwa served as a temporary capital of the island after the fall of Polonnaruwa. King Buvanekabahu I moved the capital to Yapahuwa in an effort to safeguard the Sacred Tooth Relic from invasions, particularly by the South Indian Pandyans.
• After the king’s death, the fortress fell to invaders, and the Sacred Tooth Relic was taken to South India. Yapahuwa eventually declined and was abandoned.

2. Architectural Features:

• The Staircase: Yapahuwa is famous for its elaborately carved stone staircase that leads up to the ancient fortress. The steep and intricately decorated staircase is a prime example of medieval Sri Lankan stonework and is one of the key attractions of the site.
• Fortifications: The fortress was designed to be well-protected, with strong defensive walls and a moat surrounding the lower areas.
• Buddhist Temple: There are remnants of a stupa and a Buddha shrine at the summit of the rock, where monks continue to practice. The Sacred Tooth Relic was once housed here.
• Ornate Carvings: Alongside the staircase and temple, there are carvings of animals, deities, and floral motifs, similar to the artistic style of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa.

3. Cultural and Natural Beauty:

• Yapahuwa offers not only a glimpse into Sri Lankan history but also stunning panoramic views from the top of the rock, overlooking the surrounding countryside.
• The area is relatively less touristy compared to more famous sites like Sigiriya or Anuradhapura, making it an off-the-beaten-path destination for those interested in history, archaeology, and natural beauty.

With its unique blend of history, architecture, and natural beauty, Yapahuwa stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich cultural legacy and is a must-visit for history enthusiasts and travelers alike.

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Source : https://tlc.lk/yapahuwa-kingdom/